The act of monitoring behavior and activities or for data collection purposes. Surveillance guarantees security, safety and compliance. It is applied in various domains, including public safety, law enforcement, healthcare, business, and digital security. Surveillance helps prevent crimes, monitor high-risk areas, and track suspects. Advancements in AI, IoT, and big data analytics are reshaping surveillance, making it more efficient and predictive.
Types of Surveillance
- Active Surveillance
- Passive Surveillance
Surveillance Categories
- Digital still and video cameras (CCTVs)
Installing a network of cameras strategically located around a property or area captures real-time video footage, which is then transmitted to a central monitoring station manned by trained security professionals. - GPSs for tracking
This tracks the location of an object, person, or car through the Global Positioning System. This involves attaching a GPS-enabled device, or tracker, to the item to be observed. The device communicates with the GPS satellites and uses these signals to locate itself. - Electronic toll takers
The Electronic Toll Collector is an innovation for seamless toll gathering on highways, overpasses, and subterranean passages. It enables the collection of fees without the necessity to halt the vehicle, reduce speed, or navigate a designated lane. - Computer surveillance
The ongoing effort to carefully monitor the activities of the targeted device, major actions, and all information being stored on the hard drives (whether internal, external, or hidden), while network monitoring is the process of examining important data being transmitted over local computer networks like LAN or via the Internet. - Phone tapping
- Cell phone monitoring
- Voice, facial features and other biometric characteristics
- Tiny, hidden microphone and short-range radio transmitter
- Directional microphones
